Ethiological factors and Mechanisms. Reversible Cell injury and Intracellular Accumulations of pigments and other substances. Adaptation to Cell injury or stress. Apoptosis - Hyperplasia - Hypertrophy - Metaplasia Atruphy

Morphological types of inflammation - serous Inflammation, Fibrinous Inflammation, Suppurative Inflammation, Haemorrhagic, Inflammation, Pseudomembranous Inflammation Cells of Acute inflammation and Chronic inflammation, Granuloma, Humoral patterns of Inflammation - Molecular basis of inflammatory events. Wound healing, repair of bone, local and systemic factors affecting repair.

Pathology and Pathogenesis of Bacterial infections like Typhoid, Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Venereal Diseases. Parasitic infections like Amoebiasis, Hydaid disease, Malaria, Leishmaniasis, Filariasis, Cysticercosis, Pneumocystitis Carni and Worm Infestations like Ascariasis, Hookworm, Pinworm, Threadworm, Schistosomiasis, Giardiasis. Viral Diseases:- Herpes, Measles, Influenza infectious Mononucleosis, Yellow fever, Cytomegaloyirus Fungal Infections: Mycetoma, Rhinosporidiosis, Candidiasis, Aspergillosis, Cryptococcosis, Mucormycosis, Chromoblastomycosis, Histoplasmosis.

Thrombosis, Embolism, Necrosis, Gangrene, Pigmentary Disorders, Jaundice, Hyperaemia, Congestion, Oedema and Infaraction

Environmental and Occupational injury.

Neoplasms, Carcinogenesis, Benign and Malignant Tumour Spread of Tumours, Epithelial and connective tissue tumours, Epidemiology of cancer, Genetic basis of Neoplasia, Tumour immunity,Carcinogenesis - Physical, Chemical,Viral Radiation, Lab Diagnosis of Cancer with emphasis on Tumour Markers, flow and image Cytometry.

Human chromosomes, Normal and Abnormal Karyotypes Autosomal and sex chromosomal defects genes and disease, Inheritance patterns.

Storage Disorders, Other Metaboli

Immune response, Histocompatibility Antigens, Immunoglobulins, Lymphocytesubsets, Hypersensitivity disorders, Autoimmune diseases, Humoral and Cellular immunity, Cytokines, Primary immunodeficiency, severe combined immuno-deficiency associated with other defects, opportunistic cancers in Immunodeficiency.
1. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes (AIDS) :- Epidemiology, clinical course, HIV 1 and HIV2, Pathogenesis of AIDS Manifestations of AIDS, AIDS associated diseases infective and Neoplastic, laboratory diagnosis, Paediatric AIDS, AIDS in Pregnancy.
2. Transplantation Pathology :- Rejection Phenomenon - Pathogenesis and Pathology,Graft versus host reaction.
3. Amyloidosis :- Pathology and Pathogenesis, Manifestations, Diagnosis and Laboratory investigations.

Types and consequences of malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, deficiency of mineralsm trace elements, obesity - pathogenesis and metabolic aspects, Medical complications.

Molecular pathogenesis of Prions human prion disease, diagnostic criterion of human prion's disease.

Plasma Cell dyserasis. Anaemias - Iron deficiency, Megaloblastic, Haemolytic and aplastic, Polycythemia, Methhemoglobinemia and Porphyria. Leucocytosis, Leukaemias - acute and chronic, agranulocytosis, Myelofibrosis, Haemophagocytic syndrome. Hemorrhagic disorders.

ABO and Rh blood grouping systems, Blood component preparations - Antibody detection and identification, quality assurance, Transfusion reactions and screening technics.

Purpose, methodology, technical factors.

Principles of cytomorphology - preparations of Cellular specimen. From female genital tract, body cavity fluids and other sites.

ENAC of superficial organs. ENAC of deep organs.

Laboratory information systems - Emerging Technologies.

Technical issues, ultra structural diagnosis of tumour biopsy, ultrastructural diagnosis of non tumourous lesions.

Applications in specific organs -Tumour diagnosis and other applications.

Immuno histochemistry as laboratory test, immunohistochemistry limitations and current applications.

Methods and applications

Flow cytometry and diagnostic pathology, Methodology, applications. Principles and technics in image analysis and its clinical applications.

Fixatives, processing, microtomes, staining procedures and impregnation Special stains for protein, Carbohydrate fat, enzymes, nucleic acids, amyloid, metals calcium and iron, connective tissue, fungus and abnormal cell accumulations etc.

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Congenial heart disease, Rhematic heart disease - Pathogenesis and Pathology, Bacterial Endocarditis, Cardiomyopathies, Atherosclerosis, Coronary heart disease, Myocardial infarction, Hypertensive heart disease, Aneurysms, Congestive cardiac failure, Myocarditis, Pericarditis, Tumours of heart and blood vessels, Vasculitis.

Pneumonias, Bronchiectasis, Pulmonary vascular disease, Lung Abscess, Empyema, Pneumoconiosis, Atelectasis, Chronic obstructive Pulmonary airway disease, Acute Respiratory distress syndrome, Immunologic lung disease, Collagen vascular disease, Pulmonary vasculitis, Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia and Pulmonary fibrosis, lung tumours Pleural tumours - Mesothelioma

Cysts, Premalignant and Malignant Tumours, Odontogenic cysts and Tumours.

Sialadenitis, Sialolithiasis, Tumours of Salivary Glands.

Reflux Esophagitis, Oesophagealatresia, Barret's Oesophagus, Oesophageal Tumours.

Piptic Ulcer, Gastritis, Tumours of Stomach.

Tuberculosis, Malabsorption, Lymphoma and Other Tumours, Infections, Circulatory Disturbances.

Appendicitis, Tumours, Pseudomyxoma Peritonei.

Amoebiasis, Bacillary Dysentery, Hirscheprungs disease, Pulyps,Ulcerative Colitis, Crohns disease, Meckels Diurticulum, Adenocarcinoma, Hemorrhoids, Fistula, Sinus, Fissures,Circulatory Disturbances, Volvulus and Other Tumours.

Investigation of liver disease, viral hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Hapatocellular Carcinoma, and other Tumours Metastatic Lesions, Gall stones, Cholecystitis, Tumours, Pancreatitis, and Tumours, Partal Hypertension, Ascites, Pseudopancreatic Cyst, Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis, Non Cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis, Neonatal Hepatitis, Drug - Induced Hepatitis, Lupoid Hepatitis, Liver Diseases associated with enzyme defects - Gilberts, Dubin Johnson Syndrome, Budd CHIARI Syndrome, cystic lesions of lever, Non-viral lesions of liver.

Nephritis, Nephrotic syndrome, Chronic Glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis, Renal Tuberculosis, Polycystic Kidney, Urinary calculi, Hydronephrosis, Tumours Investigation ofRenal disease, Classification ofRenal disease, Pathogenesis of Renal diseases - Immunologic and Non Immunologic,Glomerular Lesions associated with disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Renal disease complicating Pregnancy Tubulointer stitial Nephritis, Renal vascular disease - Hypertension,Acute tabular Necrosis and Acute renal failure, Glomerular lesions associated with systemic disorders -SLE, Diabetes, Pulyarteritisnodosa, Malaroplakia, Cystitis, Urethral caruncle and other lesions Tumour of Urinary Bladder.

Squamous Cell carcinoma of Penis, Benigu Adenomatous Hyperplasia of Prostate, Tumours of Prostate, Undescended testis, Orchitis, Tumours of Testis Lab Diagnosis ofSterility, Premalignant Lesions of Penis, Mechanical Trauma and Haemodynamic disorders of Scrotum.

ermaphroditism, Congenital and Acquired Lesions of Penile Urethra and Glans Penis. Paratesticular Tumours.

Uterus - Endometriol Cyclical changes, hormonal changes, hyperplasia -Dysfunctional Uterine bleeding and tumours.CERVIX Human papilloma virus infection and its role in cervical cancer, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia CIN, Carcinoma Cervix. TUBES AND OVARIES:- Non neoplastic lesions and Cysts neoplastic lesions, torsion, and ectopic gestation. PLACENTA:- Gestational trophoblastic disease, tumours and infarction.

Muscle biopsy, Myopathy, Myositis, dystrophy, atrophy and hypertrophy. Bone Inflammatory lesions - Osteomyelitis, Neoplastic lesions - benign and malignant, degenerative lesions like osteoarthritis, traumatic and metabolic lesions. Diseases of bursae, tendons and fasica.

Infections, degenerative lesions, metabolic and toxic lesions, neural lesions including neoplasms

Inflammatory and neoplastic

PARATHYROID:- Hyper and hyopostates, and neoplasms.

PITUTARY:- Dysfunction and tumours

ADRENAL CORTEX:- Hyper and Hypofunction, tumours.

ADRENAL MEDULLA:- Tumourfs - Pheochromosystema, Neuroblastoma.

ENDOCRINE PANCREAS:- Diabetes meltitors, and Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Non neoplastic and neoplastic lesions.

Spleen - Splenomagaly, Lymph node - Lymphadenitis, and lymphoms. Recent concepts regarding various types of lymphoma.

Infections, tumours and tumour like lesions.

Polyps, tumours and tumour like lesions, Otitis media, Cholesteatoma.

Infections and tumours and Tumour like lisions.

Neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions and preneoplastic lesions.