Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission Agriculture Exam Syllabus

Agriculture - (Code - 011)- Single Paper

1. IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE : Importance of Agriculture in Indian Economy and its sectoral relationship - Agricultural Development through five year plans in India and Tamil Nadu - Growth pattern of crops in India and Tamil Nadu in terms of area, production and productivity.

2. CROP PRODUCTION : Factors of Production - Agricultural seasons of India and Tamil Nadu - Cropping patterns in India and Tamil Nadu - package of practices of different crops - Agro-Climatic zones of India and Tamil Nadu and their features - Weather and Climate - Weather forecasting. Soil - Soil structure - Factors influencing soil structure - Physical and Chemical properties - Effect of


nutrient availability and plant growth - Problem soils and their management - Soil survey - its objectives and scope - Soil fertility and productivity - Organic manures, green manures, bio fertilizers - Balanced usage - integrated nutrient management - Physiological disorders in crop plants and their management - Dry farming - Rainfed agriculture - Conservation of soil and water - Watershed and waste land development.

3. CROP IMPROVEMENT : Principles of breeding - Breeding methods - Modern tools in crop improvement - Hybrid production - Latest varieties of major crops in Tamil Nadu - Application of bio technology in Agriculture - Tissue culture & its significance - Transgenic Plants.


Seeds - Importance of quality seeds in Agriculture - Nucleus, Breeder, foundation, certified and labelled seeds - Seed certification techniques and processes in Tamil Nadu - Seed testing - Used village concept.

4. CROP PROTECTION : Importance of pest, disease and weed management in agriculture - pest and disease surveillance and forecasting weather on pest and disease incidence - Symptoms of damages and control measures of pest and diseases of major crops in Tamil Nadu - Integrated post and disease management in crop production - Pesticide and their use - Pattern - plant production equipments and their use - Plant quarantine.

Storage pests and disease and their management. Importance of biological control in insect management. Weeds - Major weeds and their control.

5. CROP MANAGEMENT : Land use pattern and planning - Size and distribution of holdings - types and systems of farming - Water resources development and management - Irrigation management of different crops - Command area development - Ground water Development and Conjunctive use - Water use efficiency - Quality of irrigation water - Its effect in soil and crops - Management of poor quality water for crop growth.

Cropping system and integrated farming - Recycling of agricultural waste - Mushroom cultivation, bee keeping, silkwork rearing etc., Engery in Agricultural production - Sources - Solar, wind, animal, biomass and biogas - Mechnisation in agriculture - Tractors & tillers - Agricultural implemets and Machineries and their usage.

Farm management - Principles of farm business management - Cost concepts - Management of resources - Farm Planning and budgeting - Investment analysis - Agricultural credit system in India - Multi credit delivery system - Role of nationalised banks and Regional Rural Banks - Lead Bank Scheme - Service area - approach - Scale of finance.

Marketing - Agricultural marketing and price policy of Agricultural commodities - Market structure - Warehouses & rural godowns - Post harvest technologies - Agri business management - Marketing Institutions.

Policies for agricultural development - Economic liberalisation - WTO and its impact on agricultural export. Extension methods for transfer of technology - Agriocultural Information technology - Role of women in Agriculture.

Agriculture - (Code - 011)- Two Papers

• Paper I
• Paper II

Paper - I
(Crop Improvement And Crop Protection)


CROP IMPROVEMENT : General Principles of breeding - breeding methods - selection of crop varieties - Modern tools in crop improvement - Hybrid production in Tamil Nadu.

Application of biotechnology in Agriculture - Tissue culture and its importance - Transgenic plants.

HORTICULTURAL CROP IMPROVEMENT : Physiological disorders in crop plants and their management - use of growth regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture - Drought tolerance mechanisms in crop plants and their management.

Seed - importance of quality seeds in Agriculture - Methods of seed production including hybrid seed production - Seed certification techniques and seed certification processes in Tamil Nadu - Seed testing - Seed villages

CROP PROTECTION : Pests and disease surviellance and forecasting - effect of weather on pests and disease incidence - knowledge about important pests and diseases of Agricultural and Horticultural crops of India and Tamil Nadu - Symptoms and damages of pests and diseases and their management - Economic threshold levels and economic injury levels for major pests and diseases.

Integrated pest and disease management in Agricultural and Horticultural crops.

Pests and diseases of store grains - symptoms, damage and their management - vector borne diseases and their management.

Pesticides - insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, nematicides - mode of action - LD 50 - residues in soil,water and plants - safety precautions in the usage of pesticides - plant protection equipments - aerial spraying - legal control of pests - phytosanitary certificate.

Weeds - classification - important weeds in Agricultural and non-agricultural areas - weed control - methods - Integrated weed management - herbicides - classification - mode of action - herbicide residues.

Paper - II

Crop production and Agricultural Development Processes Crop Production Weather and Climate - vagaries of weather - measurement of weather factors - effect of weather factors on crop production - different agroclimatic zones of India and Tamil Nadu.

Soils of Tamil Nadu - classification - suitability of different soils for different crops -soil sampling, soil and tissue testing and its importance in crop production - maintenance of soil organic matter - management of problem soils - importance of soil fertility management.

Nutrients - macro and micro nutrients - secondary elements - their balanced usage - manures, fertilizers, green manuring - biofertilizers - fertilizer control order - fertilizer recommendation for different crops and fertilizer use efficiency - integrated nutrient management.

Package of practices for important crops - cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, sugar crops, tuber crops, fruits, vegetables, spices, narcotics, plantation crops, flower crops.

Dry farming - rainfed agriculture - conservation of soil and water - water harvesting techniques - importance of tillage - drought tolerant varieties and seed hardening - rainfall distribution and dry land agriculture in Tamil Nadu.

Water management - quality parameters of irrigation waters - irrigation methods - sprinkler and drip irrigation - water potentials - water use and water resource development and utilisation in Tamil Nadu - Water use efficiency - irrigation management for different agricultural crops in Tamil Nadu - different command areas and their management in Tamil Nadu.

Farming systems - different types - cropping systems and cropping schemes - management of monetary and non-monetary inputs - integrated farming systems - recycling of agricultural wastes - mushroom cultivation, agro industries, silkworm rearing, Bee keeping, poultry, goat rearing - agro forestry.

Energy in agriculture production - conventional and non conventional energy sources - renewable and non renewable energy - solar, wind, animal, biomass energies and biogas.

Agricultural Development Processes:Importance of Agriculture in Indian economy - Land - size and distribution of holdings and land use pattern in Tamil Nadu - demand and supply of labour - farm mechanisation - agricultural credit systems in India and Tamil Nadu - agricultural marketing and pricing policy of agricultural commodities - agri business activities - global trade policies - World Trade Organisation.

Extension methods - farmers' participation in agriculture - Tamil Nadu women in agriculture - Experimental techniques in farmers holdings - different types of demonstration - modern information technology.